What does the systolic reading indicate in a blood pressure measurement?

The systolic reading in a blood pressure measurement represents the top number, which indicates the pressure in the arteries when the heart muscles contract and pump blood out of the heart. This phase of the heartbeat is known as systole. During this process, blood is ejected into the arteries, causing a peak in arterial pressure.

Understanding this concept is crucial as it reflects the heart's performance and the pressure exerted on the arterial walls during active pumping. Monitoring the systolic reading helps in assessing an individual's cardiovascular health, as elevated systolic pressure can be a sign of hypertension or other heart conditions.